The Paramaras of Malwa Detailed History / History Of India-In this article we published the detailed history about The Paramaras of Malwa, read every paragraph to know about this dynasty of ” Rajput Clan”.
The Paramaras of Malwa
- The main branch of the Paramaras comprised descendants of the Rashtrakutas, who ruled in Malwa from the early years of the ninth century with their capital at Dhar. The dynasty was founded by Upendra or Krishnaraja.
- There were several branches of Paramaras ruling in various parts of Rajaputana i.e., Mount Abu, Bhinmal etc. the Paramaras of Malwa (Dhar)) was the most important of all the branches of Paramaras.
- Malwa was initially under the control of Pratiharas. The Paramaras, who were the vassals of the Pratiharas, took the advantage of the declining power of the Pratiharas and became independent in the Second half of the 10th Century.
- They subsequently established their hold over the region of Malwa. Initially, their capital was at Ujjain but later it was transferred to Dhara (both Ujjain and Dhara are in Madhya Pradesh).
Krishnaraja
He was the founder of the dynasty. He was also known as Upendra.
Siyaka II
The history of the Paramaras really begins with the accession of Siyaka II also known as Siyaka Harsha. He defied the authority of Rashtrakutas, which was so far acknowledged by the Paramaras. With the death of Rashtrakuta Krishna III, he declared himself independent and sacked Manyakheta. He was succeeded by Vakpati Munja.
Vakpati Munja
- He was the first great Parmara ruler, who defeated his adversaries and enlarged his kingdom. He is known by the names of Amoghavarsha, Srivallabha and Utpalaraja as well. He defeated the Kalachuri king, Yuvaraja II and the Mularaja of the Chalukya Dynasty.
- He was a great hero and was the hero of several stories of bravery and courage. He was also a great patron of art and literature and got constructed several temples in the principal cities of his kingdom. He got constructed several artificial lakes, the most famous of which was the Munjasagar, situated at Dhar.
- He was a great poet and patronised several poets and authors. His court was adorned by scholars, like Padmagupta who wrote Navshashankacharita; Dhananjaya who wrote Dasarupa; Dhanika who wrote Dasrupavaloka, Halayudha, Dhanika and others.
- The Chalukya King Taila II was the greatest enemy of Munja. Taila II who overthrew the Rashtrakuta Dynasty in Deccan wanted to assert his authority over Malwa.
- Munja defeated Taila several times and thus protected Malwa. But, finally Taila successfully entrapped Munja in an aggressive campaign and killed him.
- He was succeeded by his younger brother Sindhuraja.
Sindhuraja
- He adopted the titles of ‘Shashanka’ and ‘Kumar Nayaya’. Navshashankacharita of Padmagupta deals with his achievements. Details of his achievements find mention in Merutunga of Prabandhachintamani.
- He conquered Lata (South Gujarat) and recovered the lost territories from Taila II. His attempt to establish control over North Gujarat was foiled by the Chalukya ruler Chamundaraya, son of Mularaja I. He was succeeded by his son Bhoja.
Bhoja Paramara
- He was the greatest king of the Paramara Dynasty. He was known as the scholar king of India. At his death it was said that wisdom and the scholars lost patronage. He has been distinguished from his contemporaries for his profound scholarship and patronage of learning and known as Kaviraja.
- His works cover variety of fields like medicine, astronomy, religion, grammar, architecture etc. He wrote commentary on Patanjali’s Yogasutras. He was the greatest builder and lover of art. He built the city of Bhojapura to the South of modern Bhopal. He founded a college known as Bhojasala at Dhar. Dhar was considered as the Mecca of literature during his rule.
- His capital was sacked by the combined attack of Bhima I Chalukya of Anhilwada and Kalachuri king Lakshmikarna (Bhoja passed away during the course of the war). According to Udaipur Prashashti he possessed. Earth from Kailasha to Malaya.
- Bhoja’s defeat by Jayasimha II, the Chalukya king, extinguished his ambition to control the Deccan shortly. before AD 1019. Nevertheless, he succeeded in defeating the King of Chedi. It is said that he used to give 1 Lakh coins on writing each Shloka.
- He built Saraswati-mandir at Dhar. The image of Saraswati, installed by him in the main hall of Saraswati temple of Dhar, represents Paramara culture at its best. He erected Vijaya Stambha at Dhar.
| • Bhoja is better known for his scholarly pursuits than for his conquests The authorship of more than twenty-three books on varied subjects is ascribed to him. • He was a patron of art and literature. He patronised scholars like Dhanapala and Urata |
Jayasimha
He was the successor of Bhoja. He seized the throne with the help of Chalukya king Vikramaditya VI. He was succeeded by his uncle Udayaditya.
Udayaditya
The famous temple of Nilakantesvara at Udayapur in Bhilsa is ascribed to him. He was succeeded by his sons Lakshmadeva and Naravarman in succession.
Mahalak Deo
He was the last known king of the Paramara Dynasty. During his time, Alaudin Khilji invaded the kingdom. Mahalak Deo was executed and Malawa became the province of the sultanate.
